北京稻香湖学校学术荣耀照耀美丽校园！

国家英才计划(生物）于12月7日结束，北京海淀稻香湖学校学生张闳熙再创佳绩，获得了国家优秀学员，生物组顺位第一，同辈评议第一，并获取了参加中国对外交流遴选营资格的辉煌成绩。

The National Talent Program(Biology)ended on December 7th,and Zhang Hongxi,a student from Beijing Daoxianghu School,achieved remarkable results.He was awarded the title of National Excellent Student,ranked first in the Biology Group,and ranked first in peer evaluation.He also achieved brilliant results in qualifying for China's Foreign Exchange Selection Camp.

什么是国家英才计划？

国家英才计划直属于中国科技协会，是我国高中生超前培养的重要平台。“英才计划”旨在选拔一批学有余力的中学生走进大学，在自然科学基础学科领域的著名学者指导下参加科学研究、学术研讨和科研实践，进而发现一批具有学科特长、创新潜质的优秀中学生，提前促进学生与大学教育相衔接，建立高校与中学联合发现和培养顶尖科技创新人才的有效模式，为青少年科技创新人才不断涌现和成长营造良好的社会氛围。

The National Talent Program is directly affiliated with the China Association of Science and Technology and is an important platform for advanced training of high school students in China.The"Talent Plan"aims to select a group of high school students who have spare energy to enter universities,participate in scientific research,academic seminars,and research practices under the guidance of renowned scholars in the field of natural science basic disciplines,and discover a group of outstanding high school students with disciplinary strengths and innovative potential.It promotes the connection between students and university education in advance,and establishes an effective model for universities and high schools to jointly discover and cultivate top scientific and technological innovation talents,To create a favorable social atmosphere for the continuous emergence and growth of young technological innovation talents.

英才计划的审核有多严格？

初选:在全国优秀高中中选拔7000位学生参加英才计划的资格考试，取1500名学生进入英才计划（笔试两轮+一轮面试）

中期评估：学生进入课题组后由中国科协审核每月的成长记录和演技笔记，不合格者退出英才计划。

终期评估：学生提交课题报告、培养报告(包括读书报告、文献综述、实验记录、论文等)、《成长日志》、导师评价等材料。中国科协筛选后选取150人参加最终评估（前10%），最后留下30人（前2%）推送至中国对外交流遴选营。生物组评委组组长担任者为中国科学院院士，普林斯顿大学生物系终身教授，西湖大学校长施一公先生，评委组共12位生物领域著名学者构成，经过四轮密闭交叉答辩得出最后结果。

Preliminary selection:7000 students will be selected from the national excellent high schools to participate in the qualification exam of the Talent Program,and 1500 students will be selected to enter the Talent Program(two rounds of written exams and one round of interviews)

Mid term evaluation:After entering the research group,students will have their monthly growth records and acting notes reviewed by the China Association for Science and Technology.Those who fail will be expelled from the Talent Program.

Final evaluation:Students submit project reports,training reports(including reading reports,literature reviews,experimental records,papers,etc.),growth logs,mentor evaluations,and other materials.After screening by the China Association for Science and Technology,150 people were selected to participate in the final evaluation(the top 10%),and 30 people(the top 2%)were left to be pushed to the China Foreign Exchange Selection Camp.The leader of the jury group of the biology group is Shi Yigong,an academician of the CAS Member,a tenured professor of the Department of Biology of Princeton University,and the president of West Lake University.The jury group consists of 12 famous scholars in the field of biology.After four rounds of closed cross defense,the final result was obtained.

获奖课题：

铁转运蛋白基因X调控髓鞘形成和少突胶质细胞发育的机理

The mechanism of iron transporter gene X regulating myelin formation and oligodendrocyte development

摘要：

溶质载体家族(SLCs)作为最大的转运蛋白家族，在细胞膜上控制着包括糖类、无机盐、氨基酸、神经递质、维生素、ATP等在内的多种细胞生长所必须的物质的转运。SLCs参与这些细胞的生长发育，其功能异常常常与人类健康和疾病息息相关。基因X是识别铁载体从而实现铁的跨膜运输。虽然已经有研究表明其在中枢神经系统尤其是少突胶质细胞上高表达，但是基因X在少突胶质细胞内的生理功能和参与髓鞘形成过程的潜在机制仍然是未解之谜。本文从髓鞘发育和再生的角度详细阐述了基因X在少突胶质细胞中的特异性敲除严重影响了中枢神经系统中的髓鞘形成，这种髓鞘障碍还同时伴随着少突胶质细胞的分化受阻。考虑到基因X是一类参与铁运输的转运蛋白，而少突胶质细胞的铁积累是其分化所必须的，因此我们建立了高铁小鼠模型来探究基因X在少突胶质细胞中的作用是否与其转铁功能相关。食物中补充的大量铁能够促进髓鞘形成和少突胶质细胞分化进程，然而当基因X缺失这一促进作用明显减弱，这一结果提示我们基因X可能是通过调控少突胶质细胞的铁转运来影响其分化。少突胶质细胞发育障碍导致了多种脱髓鞘神经系统疾病如多发性硬化症(MS)等的内源性髓鞘再生失败，探究基因X介导的铁转运机制可能成为治疗此类疾病的潜在思路。

The solute carrier family(SLCs),as the largest transporter protein family,control the cell membrane including sugars.Various substances necessary for cell growth,including inorganic salts,amino acids,neurotransmitters,vitamins,ATP,etc.The transfer of quality.SLCs are involved in the growth and development of these cells,and their abnormal functions are often closely related to human health and diseases.Gene X recognizes iron carriers to achieve transmembrane transport of iron.Although there have been studies indicating its high expression in the central nervous system,especially in oligodendrocytes,the physiological function of gene X in oligodendrocytes and the potential mechanisms involved in myelin formation remain unsolved.This article elaborates on the specific knockout of gene X in oligodendrocytes from the perspective of myelin development and regeneration,which seriously affects myelin formation in the central nervous system.This myelin barrier is also accompanied by impaired differentiation of oligodendrocytes.Considering that gene X is a transporter protein involved in iron transport,and iron accumulation in oligodendrocytes is necessary for their differentiation,we established a high-iron mouse model to investigate whether the role of gene X in oligodendrocytes is related to its iron transfer function.The large amount of iron supplemented in food can promote myelin formation and the differentiation process of oligodendrocytes.However,when gene X is missing,this promotion effect is significantly weakened.This result suggests that gene X may affect the differentiation of oligodendrocytes by regulating iron transport.The developmental disorders of oligodendrocytes have led to the failure of endogenous myelin regeneration in various demyelinating nervous system diseases such as multiple sclerosis(MS).Exploring the iron transport mechanism mediated by gene X may become a potential approach for treating such diseases.

研究论文（节选）

图注:

（A-B）Ki67和Olig2在P28的f/f和f/f;Olig2小鼠胼胝体的免疫荧光染色（A）及数量统计结

果（B）。绿色为Ki67，红色为Olig2，蓝色为DAPI，标尺为50μm；f/f，n=4；f/f;Olig2，

n=3，p=8.642E-05；（C-D）Olig2和CC1在P28的f/f和f/f;Olig2小鼠胼胝体的免疫荧光染色

（C）及数量统计结果（D）。红色为CC1，绿色为Olig2，蓝色为DAPI，标尺为50μm；f/f，

n=6；f/f;Olig2，n=7；**p=0.0028；(E）原代细胞模型构建流程（G）图中所示为单细胞追踪代表图，原代OPC分别分离自f/f和f/f;Olig2小鼠；（H-I）总迁移路程（H）和平均运动速度（I）无差异。f/f，n=7；f/f;Olig2，n=3，总迁移路程，p=0.9140；平均速度，p=0.4288；

讲解：

（A-B）共染了KI67和Olig2的抗体，并用共聚焦显微镜进行拍摄，观察到KO组小鼠胼胝体gene X缺失会引起OPC的大量增殖，细胞增殖数量远高于对照组。这表明geneX敲除导致的髓鞘缺失可能是因为OPC无法向成熟的少突胶质细胞分化导致的

（C-D）了更好地研究geneX蛋白在少突胶质细胞的生理功能，我们通过Cre重组酶的靶向序列loxp位点，制备了以Cre/loxp系统为依托的Olig2特异的条件性基因敲除小鼠。小鼠4周时候，我们制备了冰冻切片的样本进行染色观察。结果显示，在胼胝体区域，与WT小鼠相比，CC1标记的成熟少突胶质细胞数量减少，统计结果有统计显著性，因此证明geneX的缺失会抑制少突胶质细胞的分化。

（E）体外诱导分化实验都证明缺失也会阻断少突胶质细胞分化。先让原代少突胶质质细胞体外分离，取新生小鼠皮层培养成神经干细胞（10天成球），然后用B104细胞系（大鼠神经母细胞瘤细胞系）的上清诱导神经球到少突球的转变然后再吧少突球接种到共聚焦皿中分化产生少突胶质细胞。

(F-H）WT（野生型）和ko（基因敲除小鼠）的原代少突细胞分化不同时间点的成熟少突胶质细胞的数量，发现wt组外分化一天后有成熟的MBP+（成熟细胞）体外分化三天有少量的MBP阳性的成熟细胞，分化第五天全部分化完成。而KO组在体外分化三天后才观察到有MBP阳性的成熟细胞，分化五天只观察到少量的成熟细胞。ko组表现出明显的分化滞后性。

(A-B)Antibodies against KI67 and Olig2 were co stained and photographed using a confocal microscope.It was observed that the absence of gene X in the corpus callosum of KO group mice caused a significant proliferation of OPC,with a much higher number of cell proliferation than the control group.This suggests that the absence of myelin sheath caused by gene X knockout may be due to the inability of OPC to differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes

To better investigate the physiological function of geneX protein in oligodendrocytes,we prepared Olg2 specific conditional gene knockout mice based on the Cre/loxp system by targeting the loxp site of the Cre recombinase.At 4 weeks of age,we prepared frozen section samples for staining observation.The results showed that in the corpus callosum region,compared with WT mice,the number of mature oligodendrocytes labeled with CC1 was reduced,and the statistical results were statistically significant,indicating that the absence of geneX would inhibit the differentiation of oligodendrocytes.

(E)In vitro differentiation induction experiments have shown that deficiency can also block the differentiation of oligodendrocytes.Firstly,primary oligodendrocytes were isolated in vitro and cultured into neural stem cells(10 day old)from the cortex of newborn mice.Then,the supernatant of the B104 cell line(rat neuroblastoma cell line)was used to induce the transformation of neurons into oligodendrocytes,and then oligodendrocytes were inoculated into a confocal dish to differentiate into oligodendrocytes.

(F-H)WT(wild-type)and ko(gene knockout mice)at different time points was determined.It was found that mature MBP+(mature cells)differentiated from the WT group one day later,and a small number of MBP positive mature cells differentiated from the WT group for three days.All differentiation was completed on the fifth day.The KO group only observed mature cells with MBP positivity after three days of differentiation in vitro,and only a small number of mature cells were observed after five days of differentiation.The ko group showed significant differentiation lag.

以上就是《北京稻香湖学校学术荣耀照耀美丽校园！》介绍。国际教育前线，从业十年，专业的国际学校择校服务平台。全国国际学校一站式择校服务，规划目标学校入学备考方案。快速了解您所在地域国际学校排名、学费、入学条件、校园开放日，欢迎在线预约咨询或者电话：4006-196-100

如果您想要提前了解关于国际学校的更多信息，填写下方“家长有问必答”即可获得一对一咨询 & 预约探校。